Four Things I Learned While Writing Crime Fiction

Four Things I Learned While Writing Crime Fiction Four Things I Learned While Writing Crime Fiction After a visit in Iraq, which made them lead security for EOD missions, gracefully runs, and whatever else the military asked of him, Zack Klika got out and set off for college at The University of Texas Dallas. He graduated in 2010 with a B.S. in Finance. It was around this time he concluded that composing was what he truly needed to do, not numbers. In this article, he discusses the four greatest recommendations he found out about composing wrongdoing fiction by working with proficient editors. My new novel, Blood On The Bridge, is around three totally different individuals banding together to make sense of who killed a female fighter. What's more, much like the characters in my book, I collaborated with two stunning editors, Will Anderson, my formative manager, and Mary Beth Constant, my duplicate proofreader, to get my novel fit as a fiddle. Composing a novel is no simple errand. I laid out for a month and afterward composed the principal draft in two, so, all in all I realized I expected to get experts included. Will had such a large number of incredible remarks and proposals about my original copy that it invigorated me when the opportunity arrived to plunge back in for a revamp. Mary Beth detected a considerable number of irregularities in my story’s timetable and generally speaking story bend. Without her, the novel would have appeared to be crude. The two of them restored my alters before the due date we had settled upon too, which caused me to feel significantly increasingly positive about the Reedsy platform.Here is a portion of the guidance I got during the composition and altering process, in regards to making an extraordinary spine chiller novel.1) Embrace the tropesThere is literally nothing amiss with feeling like your puzzle or thrill ride rings like a great deal of other wrongdoing fiction. Be that a s it may, there are approaches to cause your scene to feel more unique than it truly is. The best bit of art guidance I at any point got really wasn’t identified with composing. It was given to me during a comedy class. My educator advised the gathering to discard the initial three thoughts that flew into our heads when we strolled onto the phase to play out a scene. Also, it generally worked. It powers your creative mind to scramble for something that wasn’t as of now there. Also, when you’re confronted with no chance to get out, you will discover an exit plan. It’s how a ton of journalists compose: they get themselves into trouble and afterward discover an exit plan. At the point when you're composing sort fiction, don't be hesitant to grasp the tropes There is a scene in my novel where one of the fundamental characters is taken out and tossed into the storage compartment of a vehicle. He awakens in the storage compartment and acknowledges he is being headed to his demise bed. All in all, what would he be able to do when his criminals open the storage compartment? Battle or flight? Those are two alternatives. He could likewise ask. Those were actually the main three choices I could consider. Afterward, when I was laying in bed attempting to rest, a fourth choice came to me: he could feign unconsciousness. Furthermore, I’m sure I’m not by any means the only one to ever expound on a character feigning unconsciousness in the storage compartment of a vehicle while in transit to his strict demise bed. However, paying little heed to how utilized of a figure of speech it will be, it was the alternative that completely fit my character best and not simply the primary thing I could think of.Don’t neglect to depend on yo ur formative proofreader as a hotspot for good thoughts which drives me to the following part...2) Run with your editor’s adviceSeriously. Take their thoughts, guidance, and input and go for it. They’ve most likely read much more wrongdoing fiction than you ever will so they are the ideal individual to reveal to you how to make your book better.Authors will in general get exclusive focus while they’re taking a shot at their original copy. Do whatever it takes not to be vexed if your formative supervisor discloses to you the person in question doesn’t feel like a scene works in its present state. The principle occupation of that manager is to investigate your work. In the event that they’re extraordinary editors, as were mine, they’ll toss out a plans to improve the scene. Consider those thoughts and use them as you see fit. The spine chiller composing exercises I learned by working experts editors I realized something was absent from my book when I submitted it to Will. I couldn’t put my finger on it, yet Will thought that it was immediately: I required another distraction in my story. There wasn’t enough going on in the subsequent demonstration to support it all the way to the finish. One of the thoughts Will gave me was great and directly before my eyes the entire time. I went for it. Furthermore, it wound up making my story even more agreeable. What's more, you need to be engaged by your novel.Want to become familiar with comfortable wrongdoing fiction - and get some suggested titles while you're grinding away? Look at thisâ comprehensive manual for comfortable mysteries.3) Use your sensesIf you’re not engaged by your wrongdoing fiction, your peruser won’t be either. I compose riddles and spine chillers since I have an enthusiasm to engage and I’ve consistently been engaged by a decent wrongdoing story. Recollect that your spine chiller o r puzzle is being advised to somebody, and they should be brought into your pretend world. The most ideal approach to do that is through appear, don't tell and by joining every one of the five faculties into your composition: sight, sound, smell, taste, touch.After a first or second draft, I’ll experience my original copy and see which of the five faculties are inadequate. Sight and sound get utilized the most in a great deal of composing, which is totally fine. In any case, smell, taste, and contact can be your sleuth’s/detective’s closest companion and can represent the moment of truth a case. Did your analyst get a whiff of cologne off the killed lady found in her loft? Did he later smell that equivalent cologne while meeting a suspect? An extraordinary exercise I like to do is to work out a couple of ways an executioner can be gotten based off one of those three detects. It’s difficult, however that just methods your story will be all the better for i t. My next recommendation will improve your story as well. The four best recommendations I learned while composing wrongdoing fiction 4) Keep your activity scenes free and free-flowingDon’t get excessively impeded in being so exact with the subtleties that your peruser can’t fill in certain spaces for themselves and submerge themselves in the story. On the off chance that you’re composing inside the domain of reality it might be a smart thought to keep your battles on the shorter side also, to construct tension. Genuine battles are in no way like fights. Genuine battles are untidy. Genuine battles are typically wrapped up inside a couple of moments. What's more, genuine warriors battle filthy. Recollect that. Your warriors don’t keep any guidelines. They will do whatever they need to do to win a fight.Please share your considerations, encounters, or any inquiries for Zack Klika in the remarks underneath! Also, on the off chance that you'd prefer to study questioning a spine chiller to a specialist, head here.Blood on the Bridge is accessible in soft cover and on Amazon Kindle!

Police officer essay Essay Example for Free

Cop article Essay Each individual has his own fantasy or aspiration throughout everyday life. Somebody needs to turn into a trooper, somebody a specialist, approximately an architect or a lawmaker, etc. Some others try for the professions of creators, entertainers or vocalists. In any case, my aspiration is to turn into a cop in my future life. In the drill class in my school, I was intense, and consistently attempted to adhere to and gain proficiency with the standards of march as superbly as conceivable in light of the fact that I needed to turn into an individual from the police power. A cop, supposedly, must be trained, legitimate and keep up the peace in the general public. He is likewise expected to have a mentality of help and salvage towards the meriting cases with a magnanimous psyche. At the point when I develop and turn into a cop, my witticism will be to serve the general public with an unbiased mentality by sparing the upset people and rebuffing the guilty parties. I will attempt to inject the feeling of obligation and a quintessence of order into the brains of the regular man in the general public. I vow not to abuse my capacity and soil my hands with the residue of debasement. I will comply with my bosses and offer insurance to my subordinate staff. That is the manner by which I will attempt to substantiate myself as an ideal cop. My dad is a senior official in the police power. He is a perfect model before my eyes. I need to follow his strides in my future life.

HOW TO Create Manage An Event On Slideshare

HOW TO Create Manage An Event On Slideshare Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HOW TO: Create Manage An Event On SlideshareUpdated On 17/04/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : GuidesShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozcZNJ CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSlideShare is an online slide hosting service. Users can upload files in the following file formats: PowerPoint, PDF, or OpenOffice presentations. You can create an event to collect all the presentations that were delivered (or will be delivered) at a talk, conference or seminar.SlideShare is undoubtedly the best way to get your slides out there on the web, so that your ideas can be found and shared by a wide audience. Events can be used for building up buzz, sending invites, archiving content, actively discussing topics etc.Events are similar to groups, with additional features like location, date time. Earlier we saw HOW TO create events using LinkedIn and Facebook.Creating An Event Using Slideshare [The Steps]#1 Go to Slideshare Events.#2 Now enter all the required details like Event name, Category, Description, Location and so on. Double check everything and now Save it.#3 After creating the event, you have the option to invite your contacts to this event. You can also import email addresses (from Gmail, Yahoo, Hotmail, and AOL address books) and invite them.#4 If you want to make any changes to this event, you can Edit this event and all the events have special optimized URL.READHOW TO: Convert Text To MP3 Audio File

The Terrorist Attacks Spread Fear And Fed Conspiracy...

On September 11th 2001, the terrorist attacks spread fear and fed conspiracy theorists. On board United Airlines flight 93, everyone died, for a total of 44 losses (â€Å"United Airlines Flight 93†). UA93 crashed in a field near Shanksville, in Pennsylvania. Interpretations of the crash differ, as some believe the government covered-up its involvement in the attacks and others support that the passengers were celebrated as heroes, as they threatened their attackers (McConnachie and Tudge 401). The discussion of two contrasting opinions follows. David Ray Griffin believes UA93 was shot down by the U.S. Air Force, whereas James B. Meigs defends that the heroic resistance of the passengers caused the hijackers to pull the aircraft down. They both demonstrate that the nature and the position of the plane debris at the crash area, as well as the authorities’ reactions to the hijacking, confirm their own point of view. Mr. Meigs explanations express more credibility than Mr. Griffin, due to the compared use of reliable experts to support their claim between the two men and the sufficient evidences to prove their viewpoint. First and foremost, David Ray Griffin, a retired professor of philosophy of religion and theology strongly believes that two military jets chased UA93 and shot it down, fired under the President Bush order. His first reason provided is that the U.S. authorities being certainly aware of the United Airlines hijacking, President Bush supposedly ordered the U.S. AirShow MoreRelatedNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages------------------------------------------------- New World Order (conspiracy theory) This article is about the use of the term  New World Order  in conspiracy theory. For other uses, see  New World Order (disambiguation). The reverse side of the  Great Seal of the United States  (1776). The Latin phrase novus ordo seclorum, appearing on the reverse side of the Great Seal since 1782 and on the back of the  U.S one-dollar bill  since 1935, means New Order of the Ages and only alludes to the beginningRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 PagesHarbor attack changed national opinion - protecting homeland now major concern -US became aggressive in defense of homeland after WWII by extending defensive perimeters through the creation of alliances (UN, NATO, Rio Treaty) -Forces -Before WWII, large standing armies were seen as threats to liberty -With development on nuclear weapons, opinion has changed and vulnerability of our military forces has become a high priority -Today - trying to balance dislike of standing armies and fear of longRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesTeachers, students, ofï ¬ ce workers, and anyone of social importance could not grow locks, and families would go into mourning when their sons would start sprouting them. I heard the term â€Å"black heart man† used again and again as a means of expressing fear or ridicule of the Rastafarian. And this was in the early 1970s—after Bob Marleys emergence as an international viii FOREWORD star, after Selassies arrival in Jamaica, and after so much had been written about the importance of RastafarianismRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesNEW MANAGEMENT FOR BUSINESS GROWTH IN A DEMANDING ECONOMY 15 Figure 1 Return on Investment Management Capital Results cator of the effectiveness of the top corporate leadership and management role in such innovation as it networks and spreads throughout a company. For example, General Electric has systematically measured and widely reported on the strong business results of major innovations such as its work-out and six sigma initiatives. Similarly, Union Pacific reported on the powerfulRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOur Chances of Accomplishing Our Goals† 204 S A L An Ethical Choice Motivated to Behave Unethically 209 glOBalization! Autonomy Needs Around the Globe 210 Self-Assessment Library What Are My Course Performance Goals? 214 Point/Counterpoint Fear Is a Powerful Motivator 229 Questions for Review 230 Experiential Exercise Goal-Setting Task 230 Ethical Dilemma The Big Easy? 230 Case Incident 1 It’s Not Fair! 231 Case Incident 2 Bullying Bosses 231 8 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Straying from the Tradtional Creole Lifestyle in The...

The Creole society demands high moral and a traditional lifestyle from the women in The Awakening, by Kate Chopin. Edna Pontillier, the main character, enters a rebellious state of mind as she explores the awakening the other characters influence. The other characters in The Awakening create Edna by influencing her decisions, independence, and sexual desires throughout the story. Mademoiselle Reisz, Robert, and Alcee Arobin challenge Edna to fly above the Creole traditions and become more in-touch with her sexuality, and encourage her to be an independent woman while Edna’s husband, Leonce, Madame Ratignolle, and Edna’s father conflict with Edna because they want her to be a traditional Creole wife and mother to her children and try to†¦show more content†¦Edna’s husband, Leonce Pontillier, becomes aware that she is not the woman he married when she begins to argue with him about her duties as a wife and a mother. â€Å"He could see plainly that she was not herself. That is, he could not see that she was becoming herself and daily casting aside that fictitious self which we assume like a garment with which to appear before the world (Chopin 96).† Leonce acts as a benchmark throughout the novel reminding Edna that she is bound to her family and makes her feel trapped. He is her reality check. Edna acknowledges that she is a poor mother and wife since she does not fit in with the traditions of the Creole society. When Edna’s father comes to visit, he is disappointed that Edna is not living up to Leonce’s expectations since she is not actually from a different lifestyle. He mentions that she might just be different than other women and directs Leonce to be more strict with her saying, â€Å"Put your foot down good and hard; the only way to manage a wife (Chopin 119).† Edna tries hard to entertain her father during his stay to prove to him that she can live in the traditional society, though she is happy when he leaves. Edna’s father conflicts with her views of her life which compels her to act more traditional when he visits. Alcee Arobin is the man that all the women wish they had. He knows how to flatter the women, especially Edna. Arobin

Beauty Is Pain And Its Effect On Society - 1401 Words

Beauty is pain. In other words, beauty comes at a high cost—and a painful one. For decades, girls have been conditioned to believe that we must suffer—physically, mentally, or emotionally—in order to be beautiful. Women and girls alike are often told that beauty is on the inside, but then society convinces them otherwise: that it is a difficult process and something to be achieved. â€Å"Beauty is pain† makes it seem like there are rules to conform to or tasks to be completed in order to achieve ultimate beauty: we go through all these steps—eyebrow waxing, heel wearing, and more. The nature of beauty is one of the most contradicting, yet fascinating philosophies of all. Like fashion trends, the perception of beauty has consistently changed over the course off centuries—sometimes for the better, and other times for the worst. However, one thing remains certain: society strives to mold/conform to whatever is momentarily considered attractive. From 1920’s flappers to 1970’s disco, the definition of â€Å"attractiveness† continues to evolve. Toni Morrison’s Nobel Prize-winning novel, The Bluest Eye, explores themes of beauty and the power of appearance. During the 1940’s, amidst World War II conflict, the â€Å"Aryan race† was praised/idolized for fair skin, light eyes, and blonde hair. Pecola, a young, low-class black girl strives to achieve this standard of beauty in hopes of discovering happiness/personal fulfillment in a world full/plagued with of moral unease. But to what degree doesShow MoreRelatedThe Sublime And The Beautiful1457 Words   |  6 Pagesformal, material, efficient and final causes. The formal cause of beauty is the passion of love; the material cause deals with the objective aspect, such as smoothness and proportions; the efficient cause is mental ease and satisfaction; the final cause is God s divine intervention. 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Brexit Dynamic of Nation

Question: Describe about the Brexit for Dynamic of Nation. Answer: Introduction The June of 2016 garnered a lot of interest from all across the globe due to a phenomenon that both shocked and rocked the world. It shook not only the politics of the world but also the dynamics of all the nations. The phenomenon referred here was Brexit. Brexit occurred when the United Kingdom decided to withdraw from the European Union, and the exit of British was blended as the word Brexit, a short for Britain exit (Hunt Wheeler, 2016). A referendum was held in June of 2016, where the people of United Kingdom (UK) were asked to vote to either stay or leave the European Union. 52% of the people cast their vote in favor of leaving the European Union (EU). This referendum was considered as a historic referendum and the date of June 23rd, 2016 was marked in history as the day UK left the EU (Hunt Wheeler, 2016). This outcome resulted in jubilant celebrations from the Eurosceptics around the continent, but it sent huge shockwaves to the global economy. Even the then Prime Minister of UK, David Cameron, resigned from his post as a result of the referendum passed in favor of leaving the EU. Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, which provides the formal procedure for withdrawing from the EU, was to be invoked by the end of March 2017, as announced by the present Prime Minister Theresa May, which would then put UK on the path to leave the EU by the end of March 2019 (BBC, 2016). The Prime Minister has also made a promise to remove the European Communities Act 1972 from the countrys statute books, and to integrate the present EU laws into the domestic laws of UK. In the following parts, the various aspects of Brexit have been covered. This includes the historical background, a discussion of Article 50, the 2016 referendum, the resultant consequences of such withdrawal. The following discussion is aimed at understanding how and why Brexit came into existence and the future of Brexit, as well as, its impact over UK, EU and the rest of the world. A lot of concern has been surrounded with the UK leaving the EU. Some have even viewed it as a potential doom of the UK, whilst others have happily accepted as a reform. The ensuing segment highlights the reasons behind these views and also tries to analyze which view is correct. Historical Background The Treaty of Rome was the reason why EU or as it was formerly known as, the European Economic Community, was formed in the year 1957. In 1961, the UK made its first ever application to the EU to join it. This was due to the increasing danger of political isolation within the Western Europe which was forcing the Commonwealth states to form allegiance with the new bloc, i.e., the European Union. UK found the support of America in this application; but this application was vetoed in the year 1963 by the French Government, and a consecutive application in the year 1967 was again vetoed by the French Government. However, UK was successful in getting the green light to initiate the negotiations for the British membership was given in the year of 1969. On January 1st, 1973, along with Denmark and Ireland, the UK joined the European Economic Community, as the EU was known back then (UK And EU, 2016). Even the joining of EU or the European Economic Community was controversial at that time. A renegotiation of this membership was sought by the Labor Party in the initial stages, though this was later on, brought down by requiring a referendum to be passed to decide if UK should or should not remain a part of the European Economic Community. The mainstream media, as well as, the key political parties were in favor of continuing the membership of the European Economic Community. In 1975, this referendum was held, to decide this matter, where the results were in favor of the continued member of the UK in European Economic Community, by 67% of the votes (UK And EU, 2016). And so, the UK continued to be a part of the European Economic Community. Such referendums have been constant since the UK became of part of the European Economic Community or EU. And in between such referendums, a lot went on where one or the other aspect of the EU was put to test. UK, in the year 1979, decided to opt out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, which acted as the forerunner in the creation of euro. In the general elections of 1983, the opposing Labor Party campaigned on a pledge to depart from the European Economic Community without passing any referendum (Vaidyanathan, 2010). The re-election of the Margaret Thatchers Conservative government heavily defeated this pledge and consequently the Labor Party changed its policy. A ratification of the Single European Act in the year 1985 took place with any referendum, which was the first major revision of the Treaty of Rome, and it was 100% backed by the Margaret Thatchers HM Government. On November 1st, 1993, the European Economic Community became the European Union as a result of the Maastricht Treaty. This new name was aimed to reflect upon the evolution of this organization from being just an economic union to a political one. On December 1st, 2009, the Lisbon Treaty came into force, which further resulted in the change in the name of the Maastricht Treaty to the Treaty on European Union 2007 or simply the TEU, and the Treaty of Rome was changed to the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union 2007 or simply the TFEU (European Union, 2016). In 1964, Sir James Goldsmith formed the Referendum Party, with the aim of contesting the general elections of 1997, in order to provide a referendum on the membership of the UK in the EU (Ford Goodwin, 2014). Candidates were filed in 547 constituencies in the general election, where a total of 810,860 votes were won by the party, which formed 2.6% of the total casted votes. Though, the party failed in wining a single parliamentary seat at these votes, as a result of which it lost the deposits in 505 constituencies, which were funded by Goldsmith (Politics Resources, 2012). In 1993, a Eurosceptic political party was formed by the name of UK Independence Party (UKIP). In the general elections of 2004, this party was at third place; in the general elections of 2009, the party attained second place; and in the general elections of 2012, UKIP came at the first place with a total of 27.5% votes. Since the general elections of 1910, this was the first time that any party other than the Conservative or the Labor party had taken the majority of votes in the national elections (Mason, 2014). Eurposcepticism has seen a rise in the history of UK. The British Social Attitudes have been collected opinions since 1983 in Europe regarding whether the UK should withdraw or remain from EU. In the survey of 1990, 22% of the respondents agreed that UK should withdraw, but 43% agreed that UK should remain a part of EU but should attempt to diminish the powers of the EU. 65% of the people desired to break the legislative influence of the EU or to breach its ties (Tarran, 2016). And since 1993, the Euroscepticism has only risen. Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union is one of the parts of the laws of the EU, which contains the provisions which set out the process through which the member states of EU can withdraw from the EU. The use of Article 50 has been extensively debated, especially after the referendum which was held in the UK on June 23rd, 2016. As soon as Article 50 is triggered, a country gets two year time limit to complete the negotiations. If the country fails through the negotiations to reach any agreement, the leaving stated gets nothing (Renwick, 2016). After the referendum of June 2016 was passed, the then PM Prime Minster, David Cameron declared that the subsequent Prime Minister of UK should be the one to activate this article and to start the negotiation process with the EU (Cooper, 2016). The subsequent and present Prime Minister Theresa May cleared that the discussions on this topic would not begin in the year of 2016. Through an announcement in October 2016, she announced that the Article 50 would be triggered only in the first quarter of the year 2017 (BBC, 2016). There was also controversy regarding whether or not a parliamentary approval was needed before invoking of the Article 50. One of the columnists of a famous newspaper asked this question, one week after the referendum was passed, and answered in that such an approval was indeed required (Pannick, 2016). The government was of the view that such an approval was not required as the use of the sanctioned powers to enact the referendum was constitutionally correct, as well as, was consistent with the domestic laws (Williams et al., 2016). This interpretation of law by the government was challenged by three groups of citizens in the case of R (Miller and Dos Santos) v Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union [2016] EWHC 2768, before the High Court of England and Wales (Courts and Tribunals Judiciary, 2016). The court ruled on November 3rd, 2016 that a parliamentary vote was required by the UK before formally initiating the leaving process of the UK from the EU. The court was of the view that the royal prerogative, which was being exercised by the United Kingdoms Prime Minister, could not be used to nullify the primary legislation which has been enacted by the Parliament. And so, only the Parliament of UK could trigger the Article 50, which notifies the intention of the initiation of negotiations of the terms to leave the EU (British and Irish Legal Information Institute, 2016). Theresa May promised in October 2016, a Great Repeal Bill, which would result in repealing of the European Communities Act, 1972. Further, this bill would reinstate all the enactments which were previously in force under the laws of EU, in the domestic laws of the UK. The bill is set to be introduced in the parliamentary session of autumn 2016 and would be enacted during or before the negotiations of Article 50. But this bill would not come into force, till the date of exit of UK. This law was aimed at ensuring a smooth transition by keeping all the laws in force, till the time they were specifically repealed (Mason, 2016). The 2016 Referendum The previous Prime Minister David Cameron in 2012 rejected many a calls for referendum over the membership of the UK in the EU, but kept open the possibility for a future referendum, in order to gauge the support of the public (Sparrow, 2014). Under the pressure from his own MPs, as well as from the rise of the UK Independence Party, Cameron announced in January 2013 that if elected in 2015, the conservative government would hold a referendum over the membership on a renegotiated package by the end of the year 2017 (BBC, 2013). Unexpectedly, the Conservative Party won the general elections of 2015 with a huge majority. To enable the referendum, the European Union Referendum Act 2015 was soon afterwards introduced in the Parliament of UK. Cameron was in favor of remaining a part of the EU and wanted to negotiation again on the four main points, which were, the reduction of red tape, restriction of the EU immigration, protecting the single market for the non-euro zone countries, and the exemption of UK from the ever-closer union (BBC, 2015). The announcement of the renegotiations outcome was done in February 2016. Certain limits regarding the in-work benefits were agreed upon for the new immigrants from the EU, but before any of these could e applied, UK had to attain permission firstly from the European Commission and subsequently from the European Council (Spaventa, 2016). Cameroun announced the date of referendum as June 23rd, 2016 while delivering his speech in the House of Commons on February 22nd, 2016 (UK Parliament, 2016). Vote Leave was the official campaign group for leaving the EU, and other major campaign groups included Better Off Out, Grassroots Out and Get Britain Out (Watt, 2016). Britain Stronger in Europe which was informally known as Remain was the official campaign which supported the UK continuing a part of the EU, and this was chaired by Stuart Rose (BBC, 2016). Some of the other campaigns which supported this included the Labour in for Britain, Another Europe is Possible, Conservatives In, #INtogether (Liberal Democrats), and Greens for a Better Europe. The morning of June 24th, 2016, came with the announcement of the results of the referendum, where 51.9% of the people voted in favor of the UK leaving the EU, as against 48.1% who voted in favor of UK remaining the part of the EU. A petition which called for a second referendum achieved signatures of over four million people, but this petition was rejected on July 9th, 2016 by the government (The Electoral Commission, 2016). (Source: The Electoral Commission, 2016) After the results of the referendum were declared, David Cameron announced his resignation, effective from October 2016 (BBC, 2016). On July 13th, 2016, he stood down from his position of Prime Minister and Theresa May took his position as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, was replaced by Philip Hammond; Boris Johnson, who was the former Mayor of London, was appointed as the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, and on the post of Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union, David Davis was appointed. Jemermy Corbyn could not attain the vote of confidence from his Labor Party and this resulted in a leadership challenge. The UKIP also changed its head as Nigel Farage resigned on July 4th, 2016 as the head of the UKIP (BBC, 2016). The result brought celebrations amongst many of the Eurosceptic leaders outside UK and they expected the other nations of the EU to follow the footsteps of UK. Geert Wilders, who is the right-wing Dutch populist, announced that Netherlands needed to follow the example set by UK and should hold a referendum on whether or not Netherlands should remain a part of the EU (Foster, 2016). But the opinion polls showed a different view, which were taken a fortnight after the results were declared of the referendum, and this depicted that the other nations of EU, along with Netherlands, showed a decline in the support to the movements of such Eurosceptics (Oltermann, Scammell Darroch, 2016). The former Prime Minster and Labor Party leader, Gordon Brown who was a signatory to the Lisbon Treaty in 2007, clearly warned that in the next decade, the UK would be busy in refighting the referendum. He further stated that the pessimist were adamant at proving that Brexit was unmanageable without a catastrophe, and on the other hand the optimist claimed that the economic risks were exaggerated (Brown, 2016). His predecessor, Tony Blair, who was also the former Prime Minster and Labor Party leader, said on 28th October, 2016 that the public opinion was set to change, as soon as the implications of the Brexit were clearly and fully understood by the people (BBC, 2016). In 2004, he signed the Treaty which led to the establishment of the Constitution of the Europe, which remained ungratified by the other states, along with the UK. Blair called for a second referendum, where the decision had to be made through either a general election or through the Parliament of UK to finally decide upon the point that Britain should leave the EU (Watts, 2016). Consequences of Brexit Economy Some attempts have been made to quantify the impact of the UKs exit from the EU over the economy of the UK. There are a broad range of estimates in these post-Brexit situations. On one hand the people have argued that the economy of the country would suffer permanent losses due to the weaker investments, as well as, trade. But, on the other hand, the people believe that the freedom from the rules, along with the costs, which have to be borne due to the membership with the EU, would enable UK in being prosperous (Allen et al., 2015). To support the statement that Brexit would result in loss to the economy of UK, the 2004 research is often cited which belong to the researchers of the National Institute of Economic and Social Research. As per their research, the GDP of the UK would be permanently reduced by 2.25% due to the lower foreign direct investments. But, these estimates are quite old and the economy of the world has changed in a considerable manner since then. Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) which is a part of the London School of Economics gave anther analysis where the income falls suffered by UK were estimated to be in between 6.3% to 9.5% of UKs GDP. This loss was similar to the loss which resulted from the worldwide financial crisis of 2008-2009 (Allen et al., 2015). So, in the pessimistic scenario of these researches, UK would fail in negotiating on favorable trade terms. Even in the optimistic scenario where UK had free trade agreement with EU, the loss would be in terms of 2.2% of the GDP (Allen et al., 2015). And the overall view of such individuals was that leaving the EU would impose a lot of substantial costs on the economy of UK and was a very risky gamble. There are others who believe that the exit of UK could result in the boosting of the GDP of the country. Roger Bootle, a famous economist, believed that without a fundamental reform, EU was not worth stating in. Bootle noted that UK had paid 1% of its GDP of 16.4 billion in 2012 to the institutions of the EU. The government of UK, on the other hand, received a rebate on the contributions to the budget of EU for a sum of 3.1 billion, in addition to 0.9 billion in other receipts. UK had paid an overall sum of 9.6 billion to the EU, which was about 0.6% of its nominal GDP (Allen et al., 2015). He believed that such sum could not dictate the momentous decisions like Brexit. There are groups who believe that even though UK is the net contributor to the EU, but the country would face pressure after Brexit, to replace the regional funding, as well as, the agricultural subsidies, along with the domestic spending of the EU. And since the migrants form a large base of net contributors to the Treasury, Brexit would place a dent on immigration, and would result in the rejuvenation of the ageing population of the UK (Allen et al., 2015). Jobs Nick Clegg, the former Liberal Democrat leader, in the past has claimed that over three million jobs were dependent upon the UKs membership of the EU when the arguments were being made for UK to remain a part of the EU. It had been reported by the Guardian that the Liberal Democrats had said that EU played a huge apart in safeguarding the jobs in Britain, as EU provided an access to different markets which consists of over 500 million consumers, and also for the reason that the membership of UK in EU attracts a lot of foreign companies which are keen on becoming the part of this market (Allen et al., 2015). Some of the companies who have considered scaling back in Britain, in case Brexit was to come into being include the US investment bank Goldman Sachs, food maker Nestl, and car companies like Ford and Hyundai. The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders believe that Europe is a crucial part for the success of automotive industry in Britain. This sector alone accounts for 3% of the GDP, and employs around 700,000 people (Allen et al., 2015). But such facts have to be dealt in a cautious manner. Even though the bosses of such companies have raised this issue that EU creates a lot of jobs for UK, and a loss would result from Brexit, but there are no guarantees to this fact of loss. Also, implying that millions of job would disappear is unsubstantial and outright mischievous. This view has been supported by the Institute of Economic Affairs, in its paper by author Ryan Bourne. Bourne believes that the dynamic market of UK would easily adjust to the changes which would result from Brexit and that the stated loss by the bosses was a misuse of assertion (Allen et al., 2015). Trade This area has been full of claims and counter claims regarding the impact of Brexit over the exports of UK. Nigel Farge has made an argument the UK has freed itself from the rules, as well as, regulations by withdrawing from EU. He further believed that as a result of Brexit, UK was on its way of being a stronger, independent trading nation (Allen et al., 2015). The others believe that Brexit would result in UK being shut out of the most crucial market, which is the EU, as well as, with such markets with which the EU has trade agreements. The British Chambers of Commerce conducted a survey of around 3500 businesses. 57% of the respondents believed that by remaining a part of the EU, and with more power being brought to Westminster, UK would have been in a more favorable scenario. But 28% of the respondents believed that withdrawing, accompanied by a formal UK-EU was the positive scenario. A mere 13% believed that leaving without any agreement was a positive case (Allen et al., 2015). Immigration It is claimed that Brexit would allow the UK in taking back the control of its borders. But this claim is doubtful. The reason behind this is that a lot less number of people, come to work and live in Britain from the EU, as compared to the other nations. This is evident from the stats of 2014, which show that out of the 624,000 people who immigrated to Britain contained majority from out of EU, at 292,000 (Allen et al., 2015). Unless clarity is brought around the updated arrangement of UK with EU, it is hard to say that the borders are in control of UK. Experts believe that the access to single market would be provided to UK at the price of a similar arrangement that is currently in place regarding the free movement (Allen et al., 2015). And till the time a replacement arrangement is adopted, the British national law would regulate the migration from in and out of UK. Impact on EU The impact of Brexit on the EU would be extensive and long-lasting. As per the economist Gregor Irwin, the actual process of Britain leaving the EUs partnership, as well as, the establishment of new agreements with the rest of the nations in the EU would roughly take around 10 years. Many businesses would have to face uncertainty while the UK would be busy in forging new contracts with the countries left in the consortium (FXCM, 2016). The relationship between EU and UK could take a lot of different turns after Brexit. Irwin believed that it would involve either a Swiss-style model containing a number of bilateral agreements or a detailed Free Trade Agreement. Both of these would require continuous negotiations (FXCM, 2016). The Lisbon Treaty of 2009 dictates that the decision of the Council of EU can be blocked by four countries forming a blocking minority (EUABC, 2016). This rule was formulated with a view of preventing the three key members, in line of Britain, Germany and France from dominating the Council of EU. But, as a result of Brexit, the northern European countries like Balts, Dutch, and the Scandinavians, and the Germans would all lose an ally, and as a result, the blocking minority also. The EU could easily overrule Germany and its allies without this blocking minority regarding the budget discipline of EU and the German banks recruitment so as to guarantee the deposits in the troubled banks of the southern European member states (Siems, 2016). As a result of Brexit, EU would lose the financial centre of the world, the second largest economy of EU, the second largest net contributor to the budget of EU, and the nation which has the third-largest population (Global Counsel, 2015). So, with Brexit the financial burden would increase on the remaining nations. For instance, Germany would have to shed an additional of 4.5 billion Euros, for not only one year, but two consecutive years of 2019, as well as, 2020 (Reuters, 2016). Next to France, EU would lose its strongest military power due to Brexit. This would include the loss of one of the two veto powers that EU had in the UNs Security Council, along with the loss of the British nuclear shield. One of the reports by German Institute for International and Security Affairs suggest that Brexit could result in tipping of the EU towards protectionism, exacerbation of the present divisions and even the unleashing of such forces which would lead to the unraveling of the EU. He believes that on the other hand, that Brexit would free EU from its most uncomfortable member and would make way for EU to lead in a more effective manner (Oliver, 2013). Conclusion The 2016 Referendum has sealed the fate of UK and Brexit is the child of this referendum. The voters were asked if the country should remain a part of the European Union or should the country leave the European Union. A lot of politics involved this decision, where some parties favored the exit and other favored the stay. Ultimately, the results revealed that a majority has approved the exit of Britain from the EU. By invoking the Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, UK would begin the formal procedure for withdrawing, as announced by the present Prime Minister of UK, Theresa May, and the procedure would start by the end of March 2017. Case was also filed challenging the view of the government as per which, a parliamentary vote was not required but the court held otherwise. Britain, in its history, has had a lot of decisions made through referendums. Whether the question was related to continuing the membership of the European Economic Community or continuing the membership of European Union, the referendums have been used as a solution to decide on the crucial matter. And even in between these referendums, a lot goes around, as has been highlighted above. Brexit has attracted a lot of attention from across the globe. Not only because of the major change in dynamics of the EU, as well as, UK, but also because of the impact would Brexit have over the other countries. Some individuals believed that Brexit was the best thing to happen to UK, while others believed that UK walked towards its doom by passing the referendum. The previous segments highlighted this view. The above parts also elucidated upon the consequences of Brexit, on the various aspects. As a result of Brexit, many experts believe that UK would lose on economical grounds, jobs, and that the borders would once again come under the control of UK. But other groups of experts have had an entirely different view, which says that UK would gain by the saving in the costs, and have also shown that the jobs would not be affected. The statistics have revealed that the border problem would continue, as the numbers of migrants were from out of EU. The impact of Brexit on EU was also highlighted, which revealed the EU would lose gravely from Brexit. To conclude, it can be said that only time can reveal which party loses and which party wins as a result of Brexit. But, it is sufficient to say that Brexit is a revolution, which has forever formed a party of history. References Allen, K., Oltermann, P., Borger, J., Neslen, A. (2015). Brexit what would happen if Britain left the EU?. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/may/14/brexit-what-would-happen-if-britain-left-eu-european-union-referendum-uk BBC. (2013). David Cameron promises in/out referendum on EU. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-21148282 BBC. (2015). David Cameron sets out EU reform goals. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-34770875 BBC. (2016). Brexit: David Cameron to quit after UK votes to leave EU. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36615028 BBC. (2016). Brexit: Theresa May to trigger Article 50 by end of March. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-37532364 BBC. (2016). The people hoping to persuade UK to vote to stay in the EU. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-34505076 BBC. (2016). Tony Blair: Options must stay open on Brexit. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-37797127 BBC. (2016). UKIP leader Nigel Farage stands down. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36702468 British and Irish Legal Information Institute. (2016). Miller Anor, R (On the Application Of) v The Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union (Rev 1) [2016] EWHC 2768 (Admin) (03 November 2016). Retrieved from: https://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Admin/2016/2768.html Brown, G. (2016). The key lesson of Brexit is that globalisation must work for all of Britain. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jun/29/key-lesson-of-brexit-globalisation-must-work-for-all-of-britain Cooper, C. (2016). David Cameron rules out second EU referendum after Brexit. Retrieved from: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-what-is-eu-referendum-petition-david-cameron-a7105596.html Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. (2016). R (Miller) -v- Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union. Retrieved from: https://www.judiciary.gov.uk/judgments/r-miller-v-secretary-of-state-for-exiting-the-european-union/ EUABC. (2016). Blocking minority. Retrieved from: https://en.euabc.com/word/94 European Union. (2016). EU treaties. Retrieved from: https://europa.eu/european-union/eu-law/decision-making/treaties_en Ford, R., Goodwin, M.J. (2014). Revolt on the Right: Explaining Support for the Radical Right in Britain. Oxon: Routledge. Foster, P. (2016). Exclusive: Britain 'could liberate Europe again' by voting for Brexit and sparking populist revolution. Retrieved from: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/21/britain-could-liberate-europe-again-by-voting-for-brexit-and-spa/ FXCM. (2016). What Would A Brexit Mean For The UK And Europe?. Retrieved from: https://www.fxcm.com/insights/what-would-a-brexit-mean-for-the-uk-and-europe/ Global Counsel. (2015). BREXIT: the impact on the UK and the EU June 2015. Retrieved from: https://www.global-counsel.co.uk/sites/default/files/special-reports/downloads/Global%20Counsel_Impact_of_Brexit.pdf Hunt, A., Wheeler, B. (2016). Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-32810887 Mason, R. (2014). 10 key lessons from the European election results. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/may/26/10-key-lessons-european-election-results Mason, R. (2016). Theresa May's 'great repeal bill': what's going to happen and when?. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/oct/02/theresa-may-great-repeal-bill-eu-british-law Oliver, T.L. (2013). Europe without Britain. Retrieved from: https://www.swp-berlin.org/en/publications/swp-research-papers/swp-research-paper-detail/article/europe_without_britain.html Oltermann, P., Scammell, R., Darroch, G. (2016). Brexit causes resurgence in pro-EU leanings across continent. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/08/brexit-causes-resurgence-in-pro-eu-leanings-across-continent Pannick, D. (2016). Why giving notice of withdrawal from the EU requires act of parliament. Retrieved from: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/c8985886-3df9-11e6-a28b-4ed6c4bdada3 Politics Resources. (2012). Party Vote and Lost deposits. Retrieved from: https://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/ge97/partycand.htm Renwick, A. (2016). What happens if we vote for Brexit?. Retrieved from: https://constitution-unit.com/2016/01/19/what-happens-if-we-vote-for-brexit/ Reuters. (2016). Proposed referendum on United Kingdom membership of the European Union will be expensive for Germany. Retrieved from: https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/wirtschaftspolitik/nettozahler-zum-eu-haushalt-brexit-wird-teuer-fuer-deutschland-14429116.html Siems, D. (2016). Germany in the EU soon lonely furrow. Retrieved from: https://www.welt.de/debatte/kommentare/article156289462/Deutschland-in-der-EU-bald-allein-auf-weiter-Flur.html Sparrow, A. (2014). PM accused of weak stance on Europe referendum. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/jul/01/david-cameron-europe-referendum-noncommittal Spaventa, E. (2016). Explaining the EU deal: the emergency brake. Retrieved from: https://fullfact.org/europe/explaining-eu-deal-emergency-brake/ Tarran, B. (2016). The Economy: a Brexit vote winner?.Significance, 13(2). doi: 10.1111/j.1740-9713.2016.00891.x The Electoral Commission. (2016). EU referendum results. Retrieved from: https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/find-information-by-subject/elections-and-referendums/upcoming-elections-and-referendums/eu-referendum/electorate-and-count-information UK And EU. (2016). When did Britain decide to join the European Union?. Retrieved from: https://ukandeu.ac.uk/fact-figures/when-did-britain-decide-to-join-the-european-union/ UK Parliament. (2016). House of Commons. Retrieved from: https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201516/cmhansrd/cm160222/debtext/160222-0001.htm#16022210000001 Vaidyanathan, R. (2010). Michael Foot: What did the 'longest suicide note' say?. Retrieved from: https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/8550425.stm Watt, I. (2016). Iain Duncan Smith to go it alone in campaign to leave EU. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jan/20/iain-duncan-smith-to-go-it-alone-in-campaign-to-leave-eu Watts, J. (2016). Brexit: Tony Blair says there must be a second vote on UK's membership of EU. Retrieved from: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-tony-blair-second-eu-referendum-vote-article-50-latest-a7384411.html Williams, G., Livingston, D., Zar, N., Geeurickx, K.. (2016). Judicial review litigation over the correct constitutional process for triggering Article 50 TEU. Retrieved from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=f43e102f-ea09-4449-b781-a35ecfe628fe

Health safety at work Essay Example

Health safety at work Essay Employers and employees must comply with the duties set out in out which are as follows: Section 2 places a duty on employers for the health, safety and welfare of employees by consulting with read union safety representatives on health and safety matters within workplace. Moreover, employers with more than five employees should prepare written health and safety policy and bring it to the notice of employees. Section 3 requires employers to make sure that non employees who may be affected but work are not exposed to their health and safety. Section 4 requires ensuring that the premises, plant and machinery do not harm the people using It. Section 5 requires the prevention and control of harmful, noxious or offensive emissions into the atmosphere. Section 6 places duties that designers, manufacturers and suppliers are that the articles and substances provided are safe to use. Section 7 requires the employee to take care of him or her and any of other who may be affected by his or her actions. And also require the employees cooperation with their employer in health and safety issues. Section 8 requires employees to not Interfere or misuse anything provided in the Interest of health and safety. This brief sets out to identify health and safety legislation and procedures applied in Food retail industry McDonalds. Background From the article published on leading newspaper on 2nd April 2008, McDonalds at Leister has been fined a total of almost 40000 after a worker was badly injured following a fall. During hearing in the court, the company admitted breaching health and safety regulation. Worker also complained about the failure to correctly complete an accident investigation form, and also there had been failure to complete a falls risk assessment which would have averted the accident. We will write a custom essay sample on Health safety at work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Health safety at work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Health safety at work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After that accident, McDonalds has a strong health and safety culture and then design of kitchen had en altered and safety upgraded. So It Is very Important that food Retail Industry company McDonalds should take health and Safety of their employers seriously and therefore in safety procedures are been discussed in rest of the briefing paper. One of the major priority of Macdonald is to ensure the safety of employees, customers and visitors. Co-operation on the part of us all is vital to the success of the Health Safety Policy. Every staff have their own responsibilities to ensure that the risk of Injury or Ill health Is enameled. As with all other aspects of business , Macdonald re continually Improving tenet performance Day measuring gallant standards Ana reviewing safety progress on daily basis. Negation of health and safety requirement is considered as the serious breach of discipline. Employee Responsibilities in McDonalds As being the employee of Macdonald, there are various responsibilities one needs to follow to ensure health and safety at workplace. First and foremost to take reasonable care for health and safety of oneself and other persons who may be affected by your acts or omissions at work; In order to fulfill company statutory obligations and comply with company policy, employee needs to cooperate with management teams and other crew member. All the safety rules and procedures must be carefully observed and PEP should be worn all the time when handling any risky objects and any safeguards provided shouldnt be misused or recklessly interfered with anything in interest of health and safety. Managers should have responsibilities for training and supervising the crew members during the shift and have to ensure that staffs are adhering to correct procedures. Witness of Heath and Safety Hazard If any specific health or safety hazard which is not covered in rules book, comes to attention then one should isolate the area or equipment immediately and report to the shift manager. Likewise every restaurant , Macdonald also has a Hazard Reporting Book ,where any seen hazard must be recorded. And Failure to record the hazard in that book provided will be treated extremely seriously and results in disciplinary action. Informed about health and safety issue One of the internal part of all procedures is Health and Safety. Additional specific training is provided to employees as a part of training courses in line with susceptibilities provided. Health and safety manual is provided at each restaurant the gives the details of Additionally specific training in safety matters is included in various training courses in line with your responsibilities. A Health Safety Manual is provided at each restaurant and gives details of the organization and arrangement for implementing and developing health and safety policy,Risk statements for various tasks, equipment and chemicals handling, safety bulletins are provided to highlight safety issues in regular interval. Staff and management held safety circle tenting to review the progress and effectiveness of safety within the restaurant in regular basis. Macdonald always involves the participation of crews and managers in the development and operations of health and safety policy. Opportunities are provided to crews and manager to address any safety measures or any concern at safety circle meetings. Additionally, any specific or general comments on health and safety matters is always welcomed any time by contacting the managers. A Risk Assessment As with any workplace, there is a risk of injury or ill health to yourself and other if not now about hazards. So one has make sure to follow company policies and procedures when handling with hazards. Incase of Accident All injuries must be reported to manager and shift managers must ensure that their first aid qualification is up to date. If any accidents occurs in the shift then it should be recorded on accident book. The checklist inside the accident book also highlights ten legal Dilation to report spectacles types AT Injury to employees, essences Trot work following an injury , or incidents known as Dangerous Occurrences to the Local Authority within strictly defined time period. The shift managers is reprehensible for the communicating the accurate information to Hygiene Safety Department within right period of time for the company to fulfill its statutory duties. Health and Safety Procedure at McDonalds Every staff working in McDonalds must complicity with following heath and safety procedure while working in restaurant: Firstly Uniform must be neat and clean including apron. Hair must be way from face, completely under hat. Hand must be washed using correct methods. Hands must be washed and dried thoroughly whenever contaminated. Hands must be washed every 30 min when working in itched an in every hour when working front counter, drive-thru or dining area. Preventing Slips, Trips and Falls Commonly occurred accident in workplace is slip and fall. The following procedure must be followed to ensure safety for everyone: Floor should be always kept clean by sweeping and mopping the floor with fresh Solidness Floorer Solution. Wet Floor sign must be placed on the area when needed. Mopping should be avoided during busy periods. Any spillages seen should be cleared straight away and wet floor sign should be placed near spillage. Never run. Correct shoes must be worn overtime. Shoes must have good grip, be enclosed,comfortable and clean. Trip hazards must be avoided by not leaving boxes, cables or other obstruction near doorways or where others might trip over. Working at Height Whenever working in height ,either to access items or for cleanliness step ladders must be used all the time. Following procedures must be applied when using step ladders: Ladders steps must be clean and dry. Ensure steps are in good condition and are clean and dry Ladders should be fully open with side bars locked into position. Standing on the top two steps should be avoided. Never lean sideways. Always climb down and the steps should be repositioned. Help should always be asked when needed. Standing or standing on equipment, chairs or stock room shelves should be avoided. Roof access is restricted to Managers and Service Engineers, unless otherwise stated. Preventing Burns There are various equipment in Macdonald which are operated at high temperatures and can cause burn and injuries. Following procedures should be applied to prevent from burn: Upper grill platens must be closed and left standby hen not in use. All equipment must be left to cool down prior to cleaning. Toasters are lowered or locked before moving them. Extra care should be taken when pouring and serving hot drinks to customer. Handling Vats and Hot Oil Vats shouldnt be cleaned or filtered by someone who are not trained to do so. Protective clement must De worn when Telling Ana cleaning vats 011 consultant be discarded unless it has cooled below ICC and have been trained to do so. Vat covers should always be on place when cleaning and pulling vat. While topping up vat,to avoid splashing it should be poured to front edge. If someone is burnt, call the Shift Manager or the designated First Eider. Fire Precautions Fire doors must be closed at all times to prevent fires spreading. Fire exits must be clear at all time to allow evacuation in event of fire. Doors shouldnt be disconnected with door closers or wedges. Every staff working in restaurant should know the fire exits location, alarm call points and assembly points. Smoking is prohibited within all restaurant areas. There is separate smoke area away from the restaurant. Be Alert Be alert for situations that might lead too fire, such as: Gas Doors Damaged plugs, sockets or cord. Extra rubbish from overflowing bin. Managers should be informed immediately in case of any fire safety risks. General Evacuation Procedure In the event of fire the nearest fire alarm is activated. One should only tackle the fire if been trained to do so or else should be reported to shift managers. Restaurant should be left medially with nearest exit available. Even on the case of hearing the alarm,one should leave by nearest exist and proceed to assembly point and report to anger immediately. The important things to remember are DO NOT stop to collect personal belongings,use any lifts and do not return to building until authorized. Use of Fire Extinguisher Extinguishers are made for different types of fire and one should know which one to use and how to use Lifts and Carrying Following are the procedures when lifting and carrying any objects in restaurant. Using chemicals All chemicals and substances used in McDonalds are safe to use when used in correct way. Instructions on the packaging should always be followed and extra care would be taken handling it. Read the label. There are different chemicals for different Job so to ensure proper cleaning right chemicals should be used. In order to minimize the risk of chemical contamination, chemicals shouldnt be transferred from one container to other and should never be mixed. Hand should be washed after handling chemicals. And managers should be informed if any skin irritations arise. Chemicals should be stored away from food and food packaging areas. Working Outside Some of Jobs should involve working outside such as assisting delivery, taking orders room cars in drive thru. In such case high-visibility vest or Jacket should be worn.

Chapter 3 Summary Forest of Kings essays

Chapter 3 Summary Forest of Kings essays The main focus of the 20th century, or ever before that, is that we have made most of the singular inventions of mankind. However, another more fundamental form of invention existed. If we look at the Maya as a culture without many significant advances, they had few technological wonders. They were a Stone Age people lacking rudimentary developments such as the use of metal and the domestication of beasts of burden. They in there own right had invented ideas that harnessed social energy. The genius if the Maya was expressed through the creation of this new power. The invented political symbols that transformed and coordinated such age-old institutions as the extended family, the village, the shaman and the patriarch in the stuffing of life. It is, however, no coincidence that Maya kingship and Maya Writing emerged simultaneously in the century before the Common Era, for the technology of the writing served as the main functions of Maya daily life. It would be incorrect to say that th ey had invented this new institution from their own experiences, because kings had been around in Mesoamerica for a least a thousand years. The Late Preclassic town of Cerros was one of Maya communities to experience the advent of kingship during the period of its invention. This village was strategically situated to command the mouth of the New River where it emptied into Chetumal Bay on the eastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. Cerros was at a cultural edge, for the people of this village were seafarers and traders familiar with distant peoples. These peoples were visiting traders that were wise in the ways of the neighboring Maya cities and the foreign people beyond. The people of Cerros did decide to embrace kingship, as they had learned it, and the consequences of those actions. In the time of two generations, the small fishing village had been transformed into a mighty acropolis. Every sin ...

Research proposal Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Research proposal - Dissertation Example A growing and more substantial body of research and studies provide evidence of conflict between intrinsic motivation (a person’s own motivation for undertaking a task) and extrinsic motivation (external and conditionally imposed motivation for undertaking a task) (Benabou & Tirole, 2003; Holmstrom & Milgrom, 1991; Kreps 1997). In response to the diverse range of motivational studies a number of motivational theories have emerged that endeavor to account for the various findings. Such theories include those that focus either on incentives, expectancies or goals, and those that seek explanation of how employees respond to different types of incentives provided. The objective of this study is to take an investigative approach to research the various motivational theories and how they are being implemented within the workplace. A study will then be undertaken in order to determineundertaking a study that will focus on employee perceptions of the motivational incentive systems ope rating within their company, and how they impact on their performance and effort. ... research literature in relation to motivational systems and theories used within the workplace, and has the potential to provide suggestions for future incentive systems that take both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors into account and foster best opportunities and maximum efficiency and effectiveness of personnel. Literature review Motivational theorists consider that for each and every thing we do (behavior and actions) there is a fundamental reason or cause. They also believe that appreciation of the causes will enable prediction and thus allow for influence on those behaviors or actions (Franken, 2002). Motivational research today focuses mainly on the determination of what spurs motivation - what stimulus is required to increase motivation - and takes both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation into consideration. Intrinsic motivation according to Oudeyer & Kaplon (2007) is best understood when contrasted with extrinsic motivation, which relates to any activity that is un dertaken because of some of kind of reward or discrete outcome. Intrinsic motivation by contrastive definition refers to activities that are undertaken solely for pleasure with no price or value imposed on it (Ryan & Deci, 2000). An important distinction however, is that intrinsic and extrinsic do not mean the same as internal and external and are not synonyms. Internal motivations receive internal rewards, whereas external motivation receives external rewards; intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation however is not determined by where the reward comes from but on the type of reward that is given (Oudeyer & Kaplon, 2007). The theory of incentives has traditionally assumed that concrete and/or intangible rewards such as money, power or investments (Hoy & Miskel, 1991) that are given

Euthanasia and end of life issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Euthanasia and end of life issues - Essay Example Euthanasia, the practice of ending life, is one of the issues that involve ethical dilemmas. This paper explores ethical theories to euthanasia and end of life. Ethics defines a society’s morality in terms of what is approved to be good and what is approved to be bad. Acts, either of omission or of commission, are therefore ethical when they meet a society’s approved behavior and unethical when they are contradictory. Such is the basis of the issue of euthanasia that faces conflicting opinions from different ethical perspectives and affected parties. A person in great pain without hope for improvements and is waiting to die, may for example desire assistance to facilitate his or her death while such an act may not be acceptable to care personnel or the patient’s close relatives. Legal professions that supplement professional ethics and patients’ rights also play a significant role. These factors therefore induces dilemma on care ethics approach that provid es for a positive relationship between caregivers and patients (Bube n.p.). While both parties are supposed to derive utility from the relationship between patients and care personnel, conflicting interest between the parties over application of euthanasia calls for application of other ethical principles. A consideration of third party interest, such as those of relatives and legal provisions, intensifies the dilemma over whose interest should be supreme. Ethical theories of teleology, deontology, and virtue ethics however offer guidelines to determining morality of euthanasia and end of life issues (Bube n.p.). The general teleological approach to ethics involves evaluation of consequences of an action on the society in terms of benefits and harms that are accrued from an act. Acts that lead to net benefits, more benefits than harm, are therefore considered ethical while acts that yield net harm to the largest section of the society are considered unethical. Utilitarian ethics has a dual approach to euthanasia and assisted deaths with some interpretations identifying lack of ethics in the practice while others argue that the act is ethical. Among opinions that argue for utilitarian ethics are three benefits of ending lives of terminal patients who are going through pain as they await their death. One of the beneficial consequences of euthanasia is its recognition of a patient’s autonomy in decisions about his or her last days. This is because prolonging a person’s life against his or her desire breaches the ethical principle of autonomy and may not yield utility to the suffering patient. It therefore allows patients to decide what will benefit them more. The practice also has the benefits of eliminating suffering, in a patient and among relatives, in cases where such sufferings cannot be managed and the patient condition deteriorates towards death. Euthanasia also comforts patients with the hope that it permanently relieves them of their pain ( Bube n.p.). Utilitarian opinions against euthanasia however argue that a patient may make decision to use the process but under duress from either care providers or family and the process would therefore not benefit the patient. A utilitarian approach to euthanasia should therefore consider each isolated case to determine possible benefits and harms to each stakeholder, especially the patient (Bube n.p.). Deontological perspective of euthanasia however involves consideration of established moral rules in practice. In euthanasia, for example, deontological ethics correspond to established ethical codes of conduct in the care profession. The fundamental that guides deontological ethics in euthanasia is protecting patient autonomy. The patient must however be terminally ill, is informed of the

Innovator of the Modern Art Essay Example for Free

Innovator of the Modern Art Essay Jackson became one of the trendsetters of the modern art movement. His technique, materials and perception of art distinguished him from other equally talented 20th century artists. The artworks that he produced represented his enigmatic character. Though many were amused with his painting, there were also those who questioned his artistic talents and knowledge. But he did not let these criticisms compromise his distinct creativity. Pollock was categorized as an Abstract Expressionist artist primarily because of his infamous drip paintings including the â€Å"Convergence†. These drip paintings were painted on a large canvas on the floor. According to Pollock, painting on the floor made him feel closer to his painting. He was able to work on the different angles of the canvass by walking around it. This unusual technique was considered by Pollock as a way of being a part of the painting not just the typical creator of it. The act of letting the the paint drip into the canvass generated prolonged and continuous lines in which the paintings were dominated by white and black and sometimes there were hints of exciting bold colors. In addition, the drips of the paint were able to create a three dimensional effect making it tactile and visually appealing. With regards to the choice of materials, Pollock utilized uncommon paints and brushes. His paints were industrial and household paints that he described as the â€Å"natural growth out of a need † (Boddy-Evans, 2008, What Paint Did Pollock Use? ). Meanwhile, the brushes were deteriorated and hard to let the paint naturally drip down the canvas. Pollock explained his painting method as â€Å"new needs need new techniques† meaning the modern age requires new approaches to reflect its real essence (Boddy-Evans, 2008, What Paint Did Pollock Use? ). References Boddy-Evans, M. ( 2008). What Paint Did Pollock Use?. About Inc. Retrieved March 26, 2008, from http://painting. about. com/od/colourtheory/a/Pollock_paint. htm.

The Natural Essay example -- essays research papers

The Natural The Natural written by Bernard Malamud was a very well written book. I really am not a big fan of baseball but I did enjoy this novel. This book is about never giving up no matter how bad the situations gets. Roy Hobbs wanted to be the best baseball player that ever lived, who broke all the records, and when he went walking down the street he wanted people to say, â€Å"Hey that’s Roy Hobbs,the greatest player of all times.† He would have been excellent and could have played baseball for many years, but someone didn’t want that. He was shot and it injured him terribly. Hobbs finally made it back and was found by a scout and was sent to play for the worst team in the league. I like how Hobbs never gives up. He goes up against the corrupters, the seducers, and the glory destroyers. No one wanted to let Hobbs play because he was old, they thought he should be at the age to retire not to just begin. This book goes to show that you can do anything if you set your mind to it and if you want it bad enough. Hobbs proved everyone wrong. He was worst possible thing happened, he met a girl. He started getting distracted and it a effected his game. Hobbs let a woman mess with his head. When Hobbs would go up to bat, he usually hit a home run but when he met this woman, he started striking out. I guess you could say that she was bad luck. Well, he eventually made is mind get cleared and was back to his old self. Another reason why I liked this novel is because it kind of gives a l...

Expanding the multicultural debate Essay

The authors use three specific examples to substantiate their arguments – first, the habit of the Japanese macaques to wash sweet potatoes; second, how an infant chimpanzee learns the American Sign Language from its mother; and third, the utilization of tools by wild chimpanzees. Primatologists in Japan found an unusual behavior that originated in a female Japanese macaque and was imitated by others in her troop in a short while. This female, known as Imo, began to wash sweet potatoes in the river before eating it. Soon she began to hold the potato in the stream of water with one hand and scrub it with the other hand. This novel behavior spread among the members of the troop in a very specific pattern. It was observed that young monkeys learned a new behavior faster than adult monkeys. It was also seen that female moneys learned a skill or habit faster than male monkeys, the reason for this pattern being that females have a greater tendency to stay within a group and participate in kin transmission of knowledge. A culture of washing sweet potatoes was thus transmitted from mother to child across a whole troop of macaques. Scientists in the United States of America studied the acquisition of the American Sign Language (ASL) by chimpanzees. Washoe was a chimpanzee raised since its birth as an ordinary American middle class child by a pair of foster parents who spoke with her and between each other only in ASL. By the time she was 51 months old she had an entire repertoire of signs to answer questions like what, who, how, when, whey, where, etc. The same experiment was repeated with four other chimpanzees and similar results were obtained with them. After Washoe moved to a lab she raised a baby chimpanzee named Loulis. Washoe taught Loulis ASL. His vocabulary comprised of 51 signs by the time he was 73 months old. Use of basic tools to crack open nuts and fruits has been observed in the chimpanzees living in West Africa. Those reared in captivity also showed this skill. When a group of chimpanzees who did not know to use anvil-like and hammer-like tools, were placed with three others who did know how to use stones as tools. It was found that this particular skill spread rapidly among the chimpanzees. The young ones learned it faster than adults and females learned it faster than the males. It was also found that those chimpanzees motivated by others in the group to use stone tools learned the skill better than those chimpanzees that lacked motivation. The author concludes that non-human primates are cultural beings even though they do not speak a language. He says that ‘animals’ and ‘humans’ are not different in principle. Charles Darwin placed human beings alongside animals to indicate the continuity of species. Therefore, says the author, there must be a radical revision in the manner in which animals are ethically treated and that they must be dealt with using the same moral principles that human beings use in dealing with other human beings. There are many evidences that both support and oppose the claim that non-human primates are cultural beings who entail the same treatment as human beings on an ethical level. The main focus of the supporting evidence has been on how primates learn new behaviors and skills. They learn by observation, instruction, social conflict, and group learning (Poirier & Hussey, 1982). While human beings also learn behaviors and skills in a similar manner, they are said to be set apart by the fact that they are still learning, and therefore differ from primates on an evolutionary basis (Farb, 1978). In other words, natural selection has decided the optimum amount of learning required by primates to survive in the wild. Innovation and learning have much to do with the evolution of the primate brain (Reader & Laland, 2001). Increased brain size did influence the learning skills of primates and their ability to innovate. Yet, the reverse is also possible. The evolution of the primate brain has depended on their ability to learn in various ways. It was not only greater brain size that allowed primates to acquire technical knowledge, but technology also enhanced brain evolution (Whiten and Byrne, 1997). Another argument goes that human beings are more adapted to culture compared to other species (Tomasello, 1999). Cultural adaptations might have started when children began to articulate new linguistic symbols. This must have set in place an entirely different cognitive apparatus compared to that of non-human primates (Tomasello, 1999). Language as an indicator of culture has been studied extensively (Cheney & Seyfarth, 1996). It is understood that many species of monkey posses language skills that might be considered to be precursors of human language. Vervet monkeys are known to communicate in signs comprising of a semantic structure (Seyfath et al, 1980). In this respect they can be considered to have a linguistic culture like human beings do. Culture has been defined in many ways. This definition of culture can be applied only to human beings, â€Å"†Culture †¦ is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other ca- pabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society† (Tylor, 1871). According to this definition culture is a domain of human beings (Holloway, 1969). While human beings and non-human primates both learn different skills and behaviors, they differ in the manner in which that experience is organized. Social structure alone cannot be used to say that non-human primates and human beings are both cultural species because all species have a social structure of some sort or the other. Human beings differ from other species in their ability to create arbitrary and abstract rules that shape social relations in manner than transcends all biological ties. Other criteria such as the ability of primates to resolve conflicts have been used to show that primates are not all too different from human beings (Greenberg et al, 2000). Yet this resolution comes with a clause. Aggression is common in social groups such as non-human primates. Chimpanzees are known to live in peace in their groups but are easily provoked into aggressive behavior (Goodall, 1986). Reconciliation usually occurs when an older member of the tribe intervenes. Some scientists define what elements must be used to specify culture – labels, signals, skills and symbols (van Schaik et al, 2003). According to a study done on orangutans and chimpanzees, it was found that only human beings possessed all the foul cultural elements, that is, the labels which signify preferences and ability to recognize food or predators and do not require much innovation; signals to social transmit messages particularly of group value; skills that entail technology and innovation; and symbols that were more sophisticated signals that became characteristic of a group. Orangutans and chimpanzees possess only the first three elements. Culture is a very abstract term when used to describe phenomenon that cannot be quantifies such as the ability to create art and sculptures and literature that are quite characteristic of the life and times of the creator. In an evolutionary and biological system where skills and semantics are measured, non-human primates can be considered to be cultured but when the cognitive functions are observed, culture appears to be truly the domain of human beings. References: Farb, P. (1978). Humankind. New York: Bantam Greenberg, M. , Pierotti, R. , Southwick, C. H. & Waal, F. B. M (2000). Conflict and Resolution in Primates-All Too Human? Science, 290 (5494). 1095-1097 Poirier, F. E. & Hussey K. K. (1982). Nonhuman Primate Learning: The Importance of Learning from an Evolutionary Perspective. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 13(2), 133-148. Reader, S. M. & Laland, K. N. (2002). Social Intelligence, Innovation, and Enhanced Brain Size in Primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(7), 4436-4441. Seyfarth, R. M. , Cheney. D. L. , & Marler P. (1980). Monkey responses to three different alarm calls: evidence of predator classification and semantic communication. Science, 210, 801-803 Tomasello, M (1999). The Human Adaptation for Culture. Annual Review of Anthropology, 28, (1999), 509-529. Tylor. E. B. (1871). Primitive Culture. London: Murray Whiten, A. & Byrne, R. W. (1997) Machiavellian Intelligence II. Extensions and 30. Evaluations. Cambridge Univ. Press: Cambridge, U. K. Van Schaik et al (2003). Orangutan Cultures and the Evolution of Material Culture. Science, 299 (5603), 102-105.

Art As A Creative Field - 895 Words

Art is something I have always admired but it has been just that, an admiration. I have been drawing since my earliest memory, and taught myself to draw from what I saw. While I have developed my skills over the years, I have never formally taken an art class or even learned about different varieties of art form. Now that I have the opportunity to pursue a degree in a creative field, I have realized there is such a vast majority of art, artists, and that we have to look deeper into art and the meaning behind it. Looking at art in terms of its contribution to society has been an even bigger challenge, because it is something that I personally have never thought to consider. When speaking of art in terms of a group or as a stand-alone, I wouldn’t feel comfortable to say that I have ever really felt like I belonged to a part of a group. There are painters, sculptors, crafters, designers, and even sub-categories of these art forms. It’s hard to say where my art style is comparable because I haven’t yet fully developed my skill. I find my inspiration in many different forms of art, but mainly surrealism and realism. I have experimented in various mediums, ranging from paint, pastel, graphite, sculpting, digital art, wood working and burning, resin casting, and tattooing and I still feel like I haven’t quite found my forte. Art on an academic level is very important because I feel that everyone should have the opportunity to learn about art and its significance in our day toShow MoreRelatedBuyers Are The Other Side Of The E Commerce Diagram907 Words   |  4 Pagesare the other part of the successful creative arts marketplace. The buyers can be a picky group when looking at performing arts or creative arts products. There is little standardization available to guide the entrepreneur to select the products that the buyer would like. 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